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<\/a><\/div>\nKlinik deneme a\u015famas\u0131na ge\u00e7en a\u015f\u0131lardan 21’i birinci, 16’s\u0131 ikinci, 11’i ise \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015famada insanlar \u00fczerinde test ediliyor.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda “a\u015f\u0131 seferberli\u011fi”<\/h4>\n
Kovid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyay\u0131 etkisi alt\u0131na al\u0131rken, salg\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n anahtar\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ayn\u0131 anda bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede birden y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Kamu kurumlar\u0131, ara\u015ft\u0131rma kurulu\u015flar\u0131, biyoteknoloji ve ila\u00e7 \u015firketleri, Kovid-19’a kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sa\u011flayacak a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek \u00fczere seferber olmu\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n
H\u00fck\u00fcmetler ve uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flar, a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na daha \u00f6nce g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f miktarlarda mali kaynak sa\u011flarken, \u015firketler de hen\u00fcz klinik deneme a\u015famas\u0131ndaki a\u015f\u0131lardan y\u00fcz milyonlarca doz \u00fcreterek b\u00fcy\u00fck riskler al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Ola\u011fan ko\u015fullarda, bir a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirilebilmesi i\u00e7in 10-15 y\u0131l kadar s\u00fcren uzun bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gerekirken, Kovid-19’a kar\u015f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda bu kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 mesafe kat edilmesinde d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda etkisini g\u00f6steren salg\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc ko\u015fullar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra DNA teknolojisindeki ilerlemelerin etkisi oldu.<\/p>\n
Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn DNA diziliminin a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131, a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rd\u0131<\/h4>\n
\u00c7in’in 11 Ocak’ta Kovid-19’un DNA dizilimini a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkesindeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, genetik kopyas\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcrettikleri vir\u00fcs \u00fczerinde laboratuvarlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn genetik diziliminin bilinmesi, a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecinin haz\u0131rl\u0131k safhas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rarak klinik denemelere h\u0131zla ge\u00e7ilebilmesinin yolunu a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n
Kovid-19’un genetik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 2002-2003’te \u00c7in’den d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131lan \u015eiddetli Akut Solunum Yolu Sendromu’na (SARS) yol a\u00e7an koronavir\u00fcsle b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmesi, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara SARS’a kar\u015f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan ge\u00e7mi\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan yararlanma imkan\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Binlerce dene\u011fin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama klinik denemeleri y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen potansiyel a\u015f\u0131lar aras\u0131nda ABD\u2019den 4, \u0130ngiltere\u2019den 1, Rusya\u2019dan 1, Hindistan’dan 1 ve \u00c7in\u2019den 4 aday yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
BioNTech ve “BNT162b1”<\/h4>\n
Almanya’da T\u00fcrk bilim insan\u0131 Prof. Dr. U\u011fur \u015eahin’in kurucu orta\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu biyoteknoloji firmas\u0131 BioNTech’in geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi “BNT162b1” ad\u0131 verilen a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama denemelere ba\u015flayan ilk a\u015f\u0131 adaylar\u0131ndan biri olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
Ribo N\u00fckleik Asit (RNA) temelli a\u015f\u0131, Kovid-19’u etkisiz k\u0131lan kan \u015fekeri enzimleri ile al\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131-ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 \u0130mm\u00fcnoglobulin G antikorlar\u0131n\u0131 harekete ge\u00e7irmeyi, h\u00fccre d\u00fczeyinde ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisi yaratan CD4+ ve CD8+ glikoproteinlerini art\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
ABD’de Pfizer, \u00c7in’de Fosun Pharma ila\u00e7 firmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretim lisans\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 i\u00e7in 1’nci ve 2’nci a\u015fama klinik denemelerinin Almanya\u2019da y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesinin ard\u0131ndan 27 Temmuz\u2019da ABD, Arjantin ve Almanya\u2019n\u0131n aralar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu \u00fclkelerde 30 bin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcn\u00fcn kat\u0131lmas\u0131 hedefiyle 3. a\u015fama klinik denemeler ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Pfizer, 12 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019de denemenin kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 44 bine \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in ABD G\u0131da ve \u0130la\u00e7 \u0130daresine (FDA) ba\u015fvuruda bulundu.<\/p>\n
\u015eirket \u00dcst Y\u00f6neticisi Albert Bourla, 14 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019de, a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n etkinli\u011fine dair kesin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ekim sonuna kadar almay\u0131 beklediklerini, tescil, imalat ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7leri i\u00e7in de haz\u0131rl\u0131klara ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi. Bourla, 2020 sonuna kadar 100 milyon ve 2021 sonuna kadar yakla\u015f\u0131k 1,3 milyar doz a\u015f\u0131 daha \u00fcretmeyi planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu.<\/p>\n
Pfizer ve Biontech, 9 Kas\u0131m’da, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama denemelerde \u015fu ana dek elde edilen sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkilerini uyand\u0131rmada y\u00fczde 90’dan fazla etkili oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u015eirketler, s\u00f6z konusu a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n tedariki i\u00e7in ABD, AB, \u0130ngiltere, Kanada ve Japonya ile \u00f6n anla\u015fmalar imzalad\u0131.<\/p>\n
ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 halinde 100 milyon doz a\u015f\u0131 sat\u0131n almak i\u00e7in 1,95 milyar dolarl\u0131k bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme imzalam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
AB Komisyonu a\u015f\u0131dan 300 milyon doz, Japonya ise 120 milyon doz sat\u0131n almak \u00fczere g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor. \u00d6te yandan \u00c7inli ila\u00e7 firmas\u0131 Fosun Pharma’n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n klinik denemelerini y\u00fcr\u00fctmek ve a\u015f\u0131y\u0131 \u00c7in’de da\u011f\u0131tmak \u00fczere lisans anla\u015fmas\u0131 bulunuyor.<\/p>\n
Moderna ve “mRNA-1273”<\/h4>\n
ABD’de “Moderna” ila\u00e7 firmas\u0131n\u0131n Ulusal Alerji ve Bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 Hastal\u0131klar Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc i\u015f birli\u011fiyle geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 “mRNA-1273” da en fazla umut ba\u011flanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Merkezi Boston kentinde bulunan “Moderna”, \u00c7in’in Kovid-19’un genetik dizilimini a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131ndan yaln\u0131zca 2 g\u00fcn sonra potansiyel bir a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi\u011fini bildirdi.<\/p>\n
BNT162b1 gibi Ribo N\u00fckleik Asit (RNA) temelli a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131, vir\u00fcs\u00fcn insan h\u00fccresine tutunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan “\u00e7ivi proteini” ad\u0131 verilen enzimi bask\u0131layarak, v\u00fccutta ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sa\u011flamay\u0131 hedefliyor.<\/p>\n
ABD G\u0131da ve \u0130la\u00e7 \u0130daresinin (FDA) onay vermesinin ard\u0131ndan a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 1’inci a\u015fama klinik denemeleri, 17 Mart’ta Washington eyaletinde ba\u015flarken, mRNA-1273, “insanlar \u00fczerinde denenmeye ba\u015flanan ilk potansiyel Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131” oldu.<\/p>\n
A\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015famasa kilinik denemeleri ABD\u2019de 38 merkezde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken, \u015firket 30 bin ki\u015finin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 denemelerde \u015fu ana kadar elde edilen sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n, a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n vir\u00fcse kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k uyand\u0131rmada y\u00fczde 95,4 etkili oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Oxford a\u015f\u0131s\u0131<\/h4>\n
\u0130ngiltere’de Oxford \u00dcniversitesi Jenner Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ile Oxford A\u015f\u0131 Grubu i\u015f birli\u011finde geli\u015ftirilen ve \u00fcretim lisans\u0131 \u0130ngiliz-\u0130sve\u00e7 ila\u00e7 \u015firketi AstraZeneca taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131n al\u0131nan a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 “AZD1222” i\u00e7in, \u0130ngiltere ve Hindistan\u2019da 2’nci ve 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama, Brezilya, G\u00fcney Afrika ve ABD\u2019de 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama klinik denemeler y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
A\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131, insanlarda basit so\u011fuk alg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7an bir adenovir\u00fcs\u00fcn zay\u0131flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve kendini \u00e7o\u011faltamayan bir versiyonunu i\u00e7eriyor. A\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131, Kovid-19’un insan h\u00fccrelerine tutunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u00e7ivi proteininin yapay \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 ve v\u00fccudun buna kar\u015f\u0131 koruyucu antikorlar \u00fcreterek ger\u00e7ek vir\u00fcse ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda 30 bin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc \u00fczerinde test edilmesi hedeflenen a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 i\u00e7in, ABD a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 halinde 300 milyon doz sat\u0131n almak i\u00e7in 1,2 milyar dolar kaynak sa\u011flarken, Avrupa Birli\u011fi (AB) \u00fclkeleri testlerin ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 halinde \u015firketten 400 milyon doz a\u015f\u0131 sat\u0131n alma konusunda anla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
A\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama klinik denemeleri \u0130ngiltere’de bir kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131da “transvers miyelit\u201d ad\u0131 verilen omurilik yang\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 nedeniyle 9 Eyl\u00fcl’de ge\u00e7ici olarak durduruldu. \u0130ngiltere ve Brezilya\u2019daki testler 12 Eyl\u00fcl’de yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131rken ABD’de ask\u0131da tutuldu.<\/p>\n
21 Ekim’de Brezilya’da denemeye kat\u0131lan bir g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcn\u00fcn Kovid-19’dan \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bildirildi. Olay\u0131n ard\u0131ndan deneme durdurulmad\u0131. AstraZeneca konuyla ilgili a\u00e7\u0131klama yapmazken, uzmanlar \u00f6len ki\u015fiye a\u015f\u0131 numunesinin de\u011fil, kontrol grubu i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanan sahte form\u00fcl\u00fcn (placebo) verilmi\u015f olabilece\u011fi de\u011ferlendirmesine bulundu.<\/p>\n
ABD G\u0131da ve \u0130la\u00e7 \u0130daresi (FDA), 23 Ekim’de klinik denemenin yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131na onay verdi.<\/p>\n
\u015eirket, 3’nc\u00fc a\u015fama klinik denemenin ilk sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 aral\u0131k sonunda almay\u0131 umuyor.<\/p>\n
\u00c7in’deki a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/h4>\n
Kovid-19’un ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00c7in’de de 10 a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n klinik denemeleri s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bunlardan 3’\u00fc birinci, 3’\u00fc ikinci, 4’\u00fc ise \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015famada insanlar \u00fczerinde test ediliyor.<\/p>\n
Sinopharm, Sinovac ve CanSino gibi kamuya ait ila\u00e7 firmalar\u0131, \u00c7in Askeri T\u0131p Akademisi, Vuhan Viroloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Pekin Biyolojik \u00dcr\u00fcnler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc gibi kurumlarla i\u015f birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
SinoVac’\u0131n geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi “CoronaVac”, Sinopharm’\u0131n Vuhan Viroloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ve Pekin Biyolojik \u00dcr\u00fcnler Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ile geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi 2 a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 ile CanSino’nun \u00c7in Askeri T\u0131p Akademisi ile i\u015f birli\u011finde geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi “Ad5-NCov” adl\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131, en fazla umut ba\u011flanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar aras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Sinopharm’\u0131n vir\u00fcs temelli a\u015f\u0131 adaylar\u0131<\/p>\n
Sinopharm’\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi isimsiz iki a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131, form\u00fcllerinde Kovid-19’un “etkisizle\u015ftirilmi\u015f” bir hali olan vir\u00fcs bile\u015feni bulunduruyor.<\/p>\n
A\u015f\u0131 adaylar\u0131, v\u00fccudun g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczle\u015ftirilmi\u015f vir\u00fcse kar\u015f\u0131 do\u011fal korumalar\u0131n\u0131 canland\u0131rmay\u0131, bu yolla ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisi yaratmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
1’inci ve 2’nci a\u015fama klinik denemeleri \u00c7in’de y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen a\u015f\u0131 adaylar\u0131n\u0131n, 3. a\u015fama klinik denemeleri 17 Temmuz’da Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri’nin (BAE) ba\u015fkenti Abu Dabi’de ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
45 bin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcn\u00fcn kat\u0131lmas\u0131 planlanan denemeler, ilave olarak Bahreyn ve \u00dcrd\u00fcn\u2019de s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
SinoVac ve “CoronaVac”<\/h4>\n
\u00c7inli ila\u00e7 \u015firketi Sinovac’\u0131n geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi CoronaVac da 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama klinik denemelere ba\u015flayan a\u015f\u0131 adaylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n
\u00c7in h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, 22 Temmuz’da 1’nci ve 2’nci a\u015fama denemelerde etkinli\u011fi kan\u0131tlanan ve ciddi bir yan etkiye rastlanmayan a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n acil durum kullan\u0131m\u0131na izin verdi.<\/p>\n
Form\u00fcl\u00fcnde vir\u00fcs\u00fcn etkisizle\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir versiyonunu i\u00e7eren a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 i\u00e7in 21 Temmuz’da Brezilya’da, 11 A\u011fustos’ta Endonezya’da 3’nc\u00fc a\u015fama klinik denemelere ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Brezilya’daki denemede 8 bin 870, Endonezya’daki denemede ise 1620 sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 planlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama denemeler kapsam\u0131nda 17 Eyl\u00fcl’de insanlar \u00fczerinde test edilmeye ba\u015flanan Coronavac, “T\u00fcrkiye’de denen ilk Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131” oldu.<\/p>\n
CanSino ve “Ad5-NCov”<\/h4>\n
CanSino’nun \u00c7in Askeri T\u0131p Akademisi ile i\u015f birli\u011finde geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi “Ad5-NCov” da 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama denemelere ba\u015flanan a\u015f\u0131 adaylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
So\u011fuk alg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7an zarars\u0131z bir adenovir\u00fcsle insan v\u00fccuduna Kovid-19’un genetik bile\u015fenlerini aktararak ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkilerini uyand\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefleyen Ad5-nCOV’un g\u00fcvenli\u011finin ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k etkisinin test edildi\u011fi 1’inci ve 2’nci a\u015fama klinik denemeleri, \u00c7in’de y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n
A\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama denemeleri 9 A\u011fustos\u2019ta Suudi Arabistan\u2019da ba\u015flad\u0131. 19 A\u011fustos\u2019ta Pakistan, 3 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019de Rusya, a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n klinik denemelerine onay verdi.<\/p>\n
Toplam 40 bin ki\u015finin kat\u0131lmas\u0131 planlanan klinik denemelerin, Brezilya ve \u015eili’de de y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi planlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\u00c7in ordusu, 25 Haziran\u2019da a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n “\u00f6zel ihtiya\u00e7 sa\u011fl\u0131k malzemesi” olarak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 onaylad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Rusya\u2019n\u0131n “Sputnik V” a\u015f\u0131s\u0131<\/h4>\n
Kovid-19 i\u00e7in a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirilen \u00fclkelerden biri de Rusya oldu.<\/p>\n
Gamaleya Ulusal Epidemioloji ve Mikrobiyoloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi “Sputnik V” adl\u0131 Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131, k\u0131sa s\u00fcren 1’inci ve 2’nci a\u015fama klinik denemelerin ard\u0131ndan 3’nc\u00fc a\u015famada insanlar \u00fczerinde test edilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n
A\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131, Oxford a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 gibi so\u011fuk alg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7an bir adenovir\u00fcsten al\u0131nan, kendini \u00e7o\u011faltamayan, ayr\u0131 dozlar halinde uygulanan iki vir\u00fcs bile\u015feni (rAd26 ve rAd5) i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>\n
Rusya Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Vladimir Putin, 11 A\u011fustos’ta yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n erken a\u015famadaki klinik denemelerde kaydetti\u011fi olumlu sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan “a\u015f\u0131” olarak tescillendi\u011fini ve yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu.<\/p>\n
Ancak DS\u00d6 yetkilileri, Rusya’n\u0131n iddias\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda temkinli bir tutum izlenmesini sal\u0131k verdi.<\/p>\n
Yetkililer, bir a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in tescillenebilmesi i\u00e7in klinik denemelerinin eksiksiz tamamlam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulayarak, prosed\u00fcrlerin aceleye getirilmesinin halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan sak\u0131ncalar\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131na dikkati \u00e7ekti.<\/p>\n
40 bin ki\u015finin kat\u0131lmas\u0131 hedeflenen 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama denemeler i\u00e7in Rusya’n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Belarus, Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri, Venezuela ve Hindistan’da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye’de de klinik denemeler y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in ba\u015fvuru yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Rusya, a\u015f\u0131 tedariki i\u00e7in Arjantin, Brezilya, Meksika ve Hindistan ile anla\u015fmalara vard\u0131.<\/p>\n
A\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 destekleyen Rus Do\u011frudan Yat\u0131r\u0131m Fonu, 11 Kas\u0131m’da, Sputnik V’in 3’nc\u00fc a\u015fama klinik denemelerin ilk sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131klama yapt\u0131. A\u00e7\u0131klamada 20 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc \u00fczerindeki detayl\u0131 incelemede a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkilerini uyand\u0131rmada y\u00fczde 92 ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funun tespit edildi\u011fi belirtildi.<\/p>\n
Novavax ve “NVX-CoV2373”<\/h4>\n
ABD’li ila\u00e7 firmas\u0131 Novavax’\u0131n a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 “NVX-CoV2373” de 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama denemelere ba\u015flayan potansiyel Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u015eirket, a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama klinik denemelerine 24 Eyl\u00fcl’de \u0130ngiltere’de ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130ngiliz h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin A\u015f\u0131 G\u00f6rev G\u00fcc\u00fc i\u015f birli\u011finde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen denemeye 18 ile 84 ya\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki 15 bin g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcn\u00fcn kat\u0131lmas\u0131 hedefleniyor.<\/p>\n
A\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama klinik denemelerinin sonunda ABD’ye geni\u015fletilmesi planlan\u0131rken, ilk sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda al\u0131nmas\u0131 bekleniyor.<\/p>\n
Genetik m\u00fchendisli\u011fiyle \u00fcretilmi\u015f Kovid-19 glikoprotein partik\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7eren a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131, \u015firketin di\u011fer a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131nda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirici katk\u0131 maddesiyle (adjuvan) daha fazla antikor ve daha uzun s\u00fcreli ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k \u00fcreterek, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisini art\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, Maryland eyaletinde faaliyet g\u00f6steren \u015firkete, gelecek y\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda 100 milyon doz Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretmesi halinde 1,6 milyar dolar \u00f6demeyi taahh\u00fct etti. \u015eirket ayr\u0131ca Avustralya h\u00fck\u00fcmetiyle 30 milyon doz a\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flamak \u00fczere anla\u015fmaya vard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Hindistan Serum Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc (SII) ile imalat anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzalayan \u015firket y\u0131lda 2 milyar doz a\u015f\u0131 \u00fcretmeyi hedefliyor.<\/p>\n
Janssen ve “Ad26COVS1”<\/h4>\n
Amerikan ila\u00e7 devi Johnson & Johnson’\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131 i\u015ftiraki Bel\u00e7ikal\u0131 Janssen ila\u00e7 \u015firketi de a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 “Ad26COVS1” i\u00e7in 15 Temmuz\u2019da Bel\u00e7ika ve ABD\u2019de ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 klinik denemeleri 3. a\u015famaya ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131.<\/p>\n
“Adenovir\u00fcs serotip 26” ad\u0131 verilen tekil bir vir\u00fcs bile\u015feni i\u00e7eren a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131, Kovid-19\u2019un insan h\u00fccrelerine tutunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan “\u00e7ivi proteine” istikrarl\u0131 bir yapay ifade kazand\u0131rarak, v\u00fccutta vir\u00fcs\u00fc k\u00f6relten ve etkisizle\u015ftiren antikorlar\u0131 canland\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\u015eirket, tek doz olarak uygulanan a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama denemelerine 23 Eyl\u00fcl’de ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
ABD, G\u00fcney Afrika, Arjantin, Brezilya, \u015eili, Kolombiya, Meksika, Peru, Filipinler ve Ukrayna’da y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi planlanan denemelere 60 bin g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcn\u00fcn kat\u0131lmas\u0131 hedefleniyor.<\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan \u015firket, a\u015f\u0131 form\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc iki doz olarak uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir denemeye de 16 Kas\u0131m’da \u0130ngiltere’de ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 halinde ilk etapta 100 milyon, sonras\u0131nda 200 milyon doz, \u0130ngiltere ise 30 milyon doz sat\u0131n almak i\u00e7in \u015firketle anla\u015fmaya vard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bharat Biotech ve “Covaxin”<\/h4>\n
Hint ila\u00e7 \u015firketi Bharat Biotech’in Hindistan T\u0131bbi Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Konseyi ve Ulusal Viroloji Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc i\u015f birli\u011fiyle geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi “Covaxin” adl\u0131 Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131, 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama klinik denemelere ba\u015flayan potansiyel a\u015f\u0131lar aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
Form\u00fcl\u00fcnde Kovid-19’un etkisi azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir versiyonunu i\u00e7eren potansiyel a\u015f\u0131, Hindistan’\u0131n ilk yerli \u00fcretim a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 olmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
Hindistan Genel \u0130la\u00e7 Kontrol\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (DCGI), 3 Temmuz’da a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n insanlar \u00fczerinde test edilmesine onay vermi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
1’inci ve 2’nci a\u015fama denemelerin ard\u0131ndan \u015firket 23 Ekim’de 3’nc\u00fc a\u015fama klinik denemelere ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Hindistan’da Bharat Biotech d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Zydus Cadila, Hindistan Serum Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc (SII) ve Panacea Biotec \u015firketleri de yerli a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek \u00fczere \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor. Zydus Cadila, “ZyCoV-D” adl\u0131 Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131, klinik denemelerde insanlar \u00fczerinde test ediyor.<\/p>\n
An\u0131lan \u00fclkeler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Japonya, G\u00fcney Kore, Tayvan, Singapur, Kanada, Avustralya, Fransa, \u0130talya, Kazakistan ve K\u00fcba’da da Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131 adaylar\u0131n\u0131n klinik denemeleri y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 ne zaman haz\u0131r olacak?<\/h4>\n
T\u00fcm bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ne zaman sonu\u00e7lan\u0131p, yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131labilecek bir a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ne zaman ortaya \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 ise belirsizli\u011fini koruyor.<\/p>\n
Klinik denemelerde ba\u015far\u0131 kaydeden a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n yeni y\u0131ldan itibaren yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015flanabilece\u011fi ifade edilirken d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda \u00fcretim ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Uluslararas\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k kurumlar\u0131 ise a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesinin aceleye getirilmemesi gerekti\u011fi uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (DS\u00d6) Genel Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, yeni tip koronavir\u00fcs (Kovid-19) a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 konusunda son g\u00fcnlerde “cesaret verici” haberler almalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen bu konuda “ihtiyatl\u0131 iyimserlik” i\u00e7inde olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
DS\u00d6 bilim heyetinden ba\u015fuzman Dr. Soumya Swaminathan da Alman BioNTech ve Amerikan Pfizer ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 (yeni nesil biyoteknolojik \u00fcretim mRNA a\u015f\u0131s\u0131) ve Moderna’n\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi a\u015f\u0131larda “y\u00fcksek etkinlik” g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerini ancak bu a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n koruma s\u00fcresi, a\u011f\u0131r hastalar ve ba\u015fta ya\u015fl\u0131lar olmak \u00fczere farkl\u0131 n\u00fcfus gruplar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi hakk\u0131nda hala pek \u00e7ok soru i\u015fareti oldu\u011funu vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u00c7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc biyolojik etkileri olan ve zaman i\u00e7inde mutasyon ge\u00e7irebilen vir\u00fcslere kar\u015f\u0131 standart bir a\u015f\u0131 \u00fcretmek her zaman m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmuyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin; Kovid-19’un \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc olan SARS koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan bu yana 20 y\u0131la yak\u0131n zaman ge\u00e7mesine kar\u015f\u0131n a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirilemedi. 1980’li y\u0131llarda AIDS’e yol a\u00e7an HIV vir\u00fcs\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lan a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da sonu\u00e7suz kald\u0131.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye’de ilk yerli a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n klinik denemeleri ba\u015flad\u0131<\/h4>\n
T\u00fcrkiye’de Kovid-19’a kar\u015f\u0131 ilk yerli a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n 1’inci a\u015fama klinik denemeleri ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Erciyes \u00dcniversitesi A\u015f\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve Geli\u015ftirme Uygulama ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezinde (ERAGEM) yeni tip koronavir\u00fcse kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirilen, Ko\u00e7ak Farma \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretimi yap\u0131lan ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nca desteklenen “ERUCOV-VAC” ad\u0131 verilen a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 5 Kas\u0131m’da g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcler \u00fczerinde test edilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn etkisizle\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir versiyonunu i\u00e7eren (inaktif) a\u015f\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye’de insanlar \u00fczerinde test edilmeye ba\u015flanan ilk yerli Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n
DS\u00d6 verilerine g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrkiye’den, klinik \u00f6ncesi geli\u015ftirme a\u015famas\u0131nda 12 Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 bulunuyor. Ege \u00dcniversitesi, Sel\u00e7uk \u00dcniversitesi, Erciyes \u00dcniversitesi, Mehmet Ali Ayd\u0131nlar \u00dcniversitesi, Ac\u0131badem Labmed Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hizmetleri A\u015e, Ankara \u00dcniversitesi, \u0130zmir Biyot\u0131p ve Genom Merkezi, Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00dcniversitesi, Bezmialem Vak\u0131f \u00dcniversitesi, Ortado\u011fu Teknik \u00dcniversitesi ve Ko\u00e7ak Farma, Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor<\/p>\n
Potansiyel a\u015f\u0131lar, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de denenmeye ba\u015fland\u0131<\/h4>\n
\u00d6te yandan d\u00fcnyada 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama denemeleri yap\u0131lan potansiyel a\u015f\u0131lardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye’de insanlar \u00fczerinde denenmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakan\u0131 Fahrettin Koca, 17 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, \u00c7inli Sinovac firmas\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 “Coronavac”\u0131n Hacettepe \u00dcniversitesinde g\u00f6revli 3 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 \u00fczerinde test edilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu. Coronavac, “T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de insanlar \u00fczerinde denenen ilk potansiyel Kovid-19 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131” oldu.<\/p>\n
Koca, ABD’li ila\u00e7 \u015firketi Pfizer\u2019in BioNTech ile geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131n\u0131n 3’\u00fcnc\u00fc a\u015fama denemelerine izin verildi\u011fini, Rusya\u2019n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131 aday\u0131 i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcracaat\u0131n da de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
\u00c7in men\u015feili a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ilk ba\u015fta 1200 sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 \u00fczerinde denenece\u011fini vurgulayan Koca, devam\u0131nda denek say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 12-13 bine \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n planland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgisini payla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
Klinik denemeler, 3 a\u015famada yap\u0131l\u0131yor<\/h4>\n
Bir a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in 3 a\u015famada insanlar \u00fczerinde test edilmesi gerekiyor. Klinik denemelerin ilk a\u015famas\u0131nda, az say\u0131daki g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 denek \u00fczerinde a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve insanlar \u00fczerindeki muhtemel yan etkileri ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. \u0130kinci a\u015famada, a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131k tepkilerini uyand\u0131rmadaki etkinli\u011fi 100\u2019den fazla denek \u00fczerinde test ediliyor. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ve son a\u015famada ise ayn\u0131 i\u015flem, binlerce denekle tekrarlan\u0131yor. T\u00fcm bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, aylar ve hatta y\u0131llar alabiliyor.<\/p>\n
\u00c7in’in Vuhan kentinde Aral\u0131k 2019’da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Kovid-19, 200’den fazla \u00fclke ve b\u00f6lgeye yay\u0131larak salg\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. D\u00fcnya genelinde vaka say\u0131s\u0131 55,3 milyonu a\u015farken 1 milyon 336 binden fazla ki\u015fi hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti.<\/p>\n
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