{"id":14556,"date":"2022-03-08T14:36:53","date_gmt":"2022-03-08T14:36:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/by-tv.co.uk\/?p=14556"},"modified":"2022-03-08T14:40:55","modified_gmt":"2022-03-08T14:40:55","slug":"rus-gazi-kesilirse-avrupanin-cok-az-secenegi-var","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/by-tv.co.uk\/en\/rus-gazi-kesilirse-avrupanin-cok-az-secenegi-var\/","title":{"rendered":"Rus gaz\u0131 kesilirse Avrupa’n\u0131n ‘\u00e7ok az’ se\u00e7ene\u011fi var"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rus gaz\u0131 kesilirse Avrupa ne yapacak? Rusya, Almanya’ya giden ana do\u011falgaz boru hatt\u0131n\u0131 kapatmakla tehdit etti.<\/p>\n

Avrupa gaz\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k % 40’\u0131 i\u00e7in Rusya’ya g\u00fcveniyor – peki bu gaz kesilirse ne olur?<\/h4>\n

BBC’ye konu\u015fan enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fc uzman\u0131 Tom Marzec-Manser, bu kesintinin ilk etkisinin “inan\u0131lmaz derecede y\u00fcksek fiyatlar” olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Tom Marzec-Manser, “Boru Hatt\u0131” sisteminin do\u011fas\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Rusya’n\u0131n ayn\u0131 gaz\u0131 \u00c7in gibi ba\u015fka bir pazara y\u00f6nlendiremeyece\u011fini, bu y\u00fczden “kendi gelirlerine de zarar verece\u011fini” savundu.<\/p>

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Rus gaz\u0131 kesilirse Avrupa’n\u0131n ‘\u00e7ok az’ se\u00e7ene\u011fi var<\/p><\/div>\n

 As\u0131l sorunun; Avrupa’ya ekstra gaz tedariki se\u00e7eneklerinin ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7ok az oldu\u011funu kaydeden ICIS (Independent Chemical & Energy Market Intelligence)  gaz analiti\u011fi ba\u015fkan\u0131 Marzec-Manser;<\/p>\n

BBC’ye verdi\u011fi deme\u00e7te Cezayir ve Norve\u00e7 gibi gaz ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kapasite s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda oldu\u011funu, bu nedenle Avrupa’n\u0131n ekstra arz sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in “\u00c7in, Japonya ve Kore gibi” k\u00fcresel ekonomilerden daha az s\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f do\u011fal gaz (LNG) almay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilece\u011fini belirtti. Buna ra\u011fmen de sorunun tamamen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemeyece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

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Rus gaz\u0131 kesilirse Avrupa’n\u0131n ‘\u00e7ok az’ se\u00e7ene\u011fi var<\/p><\/div>\n

 Rus gaz\u0131 AB’nin do\u011fal gaz ithalat\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %40’\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

E\u011fer bu gaz kesilirse, \u00f6zellikle \u0130talya ve Almanya’n\u0131n bu konuda savunmas\u0131z kalaca\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n

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AB’nin do\u011falgaz tedarik grafi\u011fi<\/p><\/div>\n

Rusya, \u0130ngiltere’nin gaz arz\u0131n\u0131n sadece %5’ini sa\u011fl\u0131yor ve ABD herhangi bir Rus gaz\u0131 ithal etmiyor.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, \u0130ngiltere ve ABD’de fiyatlar, arz s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n nedeniyle hala \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde y\u00fcksek seyrediyor.<\/p>\n

Ukrayna, yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n Rusya’n\u0131n petrol ihracat\u0131n\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 da kapsayacak \u015fekilde geni\u015fletilmesi \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n

Rus petrol ve gaz\u0131na yapt\u0131r\u0131m olabilir mi?<\/h4>\n

Bat\u0131, Ukrayna’n\u0131n i\u015fgali sonras\u0131nda Rusya’ya bir dizi ekonomik yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulasa da hen\u00fcz petrol veya do\u011falgaz\u0131 hedef alam\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

ABD D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Antony Blinken, Rusya’dan petrol ithalat\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l yasaklanaca\u011f\u0131 konusunda “\u00e7ok aktif tart\u0131\u015fmalar” oldu\u011funu ve ayn\u0131 zamanda “istikrarl\u0131 bir k\u00fcresel arz\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin” gerekli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Ancak Rusya Ba\u015fbakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Alexander Novak, Rus petrol\u00fcn\u00fc reddetmenin “k\u00fcresel pazar i\u00e7in felaket sonu\u00e7lara” <\/a>yol a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bir yasa\u011f\u0131n devam etmesi halinde Rusya’n\u0131n Almanya’ya giden ana do\u011fal gaz boru hatt\u0131n\u0131 kapatabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle Rus gaz\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olan Almanya, arz \u00fczerindeki herhangi bir k\u0131s\u0131tlamaya kar\u015f\u0131 savunmas\u0131z kalacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Rus gaz\u0131 kesilirse Avrupa’n\u0131n ‘\u00e7ok az’ se\u00e7ene\u011fi var<\/p><\/div>\n

Rusya ne kadar petrol ihra\u00e7 ediyor?<\/h4>\n

Do\u011falgaz ve petrol fiyatlar\u0131 zaten sert bir \u015fekilde y\u00fckseldi ve Rusya’n\u0131n ihracat\u0131 durdurmas\u0131 halinde daha da y\u00fckselecek.<\/p>\n

Rusya, ABD ve Suudi Arabistan’\u0131n ard\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc petrol \u00fcreticisidir.<\/p>\n

Her g\u00fcn ihra\u00e7 etti\u011fi yakla\u015f\u0131k be\u015f milyon varil ham petrol\u00fcn<\/a> yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131 Avrupa’ya gidiyor.<\/p>\n

2020’de ithal etti\u011fi petrol\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k% 3’\u00fcn\u00fc Rusya’dan ithal eden ABD;<\/a> Avrupa’ya g\u00f6re nispeten daha az ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131.<\/p>\n

Rus gaz\u0131na alternatif bulunabilir mi?<\/h4>\n

Enerji<\/a> politikalar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma analisti Ben McWilliams, “Gaz\u0131(gaz al\u0131nan yeri) de\u011fi\u015ftirmek daha zor, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Rus gaz\u0131n\u0131 Avrupa’ya g\u00f6t\u00fcren b\u00fcy\u00fck borular\u0131m\u0131z var,” dedi.<\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kurulu\u015fu Bruegel<\/a>, Rusya’n\u0131n Avrupa’ya gaz arz\u0131n\u0131 durdurmas\u0131 halinde, Avrupa’n\u0131n ABD’den daha fazla s\u0131v\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f do\u011fal gaz (LNG) ithal edebilece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 da h\u0131zland\u0131rabilir, ancak bunu yapmak h\u0131zl\u0131 veya kolay de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

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AB’nin kat\u0131 fosil yak\u0131t tedarik grafi\u011fi<\/p><\/div>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rma analisti Simone Tagliapietra, “Yenilenebilir enerjinin piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi zaman al\u0131yor, bu y\u00fczden k\u0131sa vadede bu bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm de\u011fil,” diyor.<\/p>\n

 Bu y\u00fczden gelecek k\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in – \u0130talya ve Almanya’n\u0131n acil bir durumda yapmay\u0131 planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, k\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc enerji santrallerinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi yak\u0131t s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 nispeten azaltabilir.<\/p>\n

Peki ya petrol?<\/h4>\n

BBC’ye konu\u015fan Ben McWilliams  “Petrolde, [alternatif kaynaklar bulmak] daha kolay olmal\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7ok fazla boru hatt\u0131 yok, Rusya’dan gelenler var, ancak ba\u015fka yerlerden de \u00e7ok say\u0131da sevkiyat var.”<\/p>\n

ABD, Suudi Arabistan’dan petrol \u00fcretimini art\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 istemesine kar\u015f\u0131n, ABD’nin petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in \u00fcretimi art\u0131rma y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki \u00f6nceki taleplerini reddetti.<\/p>\n

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AB’nin ham petrol tedarik grafi\u011fi<\/p><\/div>\n

Suudi Arabistan, uluslararas\u0131 ticaret yap\u0131lan ham petrol\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k % 60’\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan petrol karteli Opec’in en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcreticisidir.<\/a> Bu y\u00fczden Opec petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 etkilemede kilit bir role sahiptir.<\/p>\n

 Rusya Opec’te de\u011fil, ancak \u00fcreticilerin kazan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in petrol \u00fcretimine s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirmek i\u00e7in 2017’den beri OPEC’le birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

ABD, Venezuela’n<\/a>\u0131n petrol yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 gev\u015fetme se\u00e7eneklerini de de\u011ferlendiriyor. Venezuela; eskiden ABD’nin \u00f6nemli bir petrol tedarik\u00e7isiydi, ancak son zamanlarda Venezuela petrol\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00c7in’e sat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Avrupa, Katar veya Cezayir ve Nijerya gibi mevcut gaz ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na y\u00f6nelebilir, ancak \u00fcretimin h\u0131zla geni\u015flemesinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde pratik engeller<\/a> vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Is\u0131tma ve yak\u0131t faturalar\u0131ma ne olabilir?<\/h4>\n

T\u00fcketiciler bu sava\u015f\u0131n bir sonucu olarak artan enerji ve yak\u0131t faturalar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalacaklar.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere’de, ev enerji faturalar\u0131 bir enerji fiyat s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kontrol alt\u0131nda tutuluyor. Hane ba\u015f\u0131na enerji faturalar\u0131 Nisan ay\u0131nda 700 sterlin artarak y\u0131ll\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131k 2.000 sterline y\u00fckselecek.  <\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere’de benzin ve dizel fiyatlar\u0131<\/a> da y\u00fckseldi ve sava\u015f devam ettik\u00e7e benzinin litresinin 175p’ye ula\u015fmas\u0131 bekleniyor.<\/p>\n

ABD’de benzin maliyetleri 2008’den bu yana en y\u00fcksek seviyelerine ula\u015f\u0131rken, Amerikan Otomobil Birli\u011fi pompa fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7en hafta i\u00e7inde %11 oran\u0131nda artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n

McWilliams, “Rus petrol ve gaz\u0131n\u0131n Avrupa’ya akmay\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00fcnyadaysak, karne tarz\u0131 \u00f6nlemlere ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.” dedi.<\/p>\n

“\u015eu anda konu\u015fman\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131, hane halk\u0131na termostatlar\u0131n\u0131 bir derece a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evirmelerini s\u00f6yleyebilir miyiz, bu da \u00f6nemli miktarda gaz tasarrufu sa\u011flayabilir”<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rus gaz\u0131 kesilirse Avrupa ne yapacak? Rusya, Almanya’ya giden ana do\u011falgaz boru hatt\u0131n\u0131 kapatmakla tehdit etti. Avrupa gaz\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k % 40’\u0131 i\u00e7in Rusya’ya g\u00fcveniyor – peki bu gaz kesilirse ne olur? BBC’ye konu\u015fan enerji sekt\u00f6r\u00fc uzman\u0131 Tom Marzec-Manser, bu kesintinin ilk etkisinin “inan\u0131lmaz derecede y\u00fcksek fiyatlar” olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Tom Marzec-Manser, “Boru Hatt\u0131” sisteminin do\u011fas\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Rusya’n\u0131n ayn\u0131 gaz\u0131 \u00c7in gibi ba\u015fka bir pazara y\u00f6nlendiremeyece\u011fini, bu y\u00fczden “kendi gelirlerine de zarar verece\u011fini” savundu.  As\u0131l sorunun; Avrupa’ya ekstra gaz tedariki se\u00e7eneklerinin ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7ok az oldu\u011funu kaydeden ICIS (Independent Chemical & Energy Market Intelligence)  gaz analiti\u011fi ba\u015fkan\u0131 Marzec-Manser; BBC’ye verdi\u011fi deme\u00e7te […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,15],"tags":[4156,1538,4158,265,4157,4159],"class_list":["post-14556","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dunya","category-ingiltere","tag-dogalgaz","tag-enerji","tag-enerji-krizi","tag-gaz","tag-opec","tag-rusya-ukrayna"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/by-tv.co.uk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14556","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/by-tv.co.uk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/by-tv.co.uk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/by-tv.co.uk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/by-tv.co.uk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14556"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/by-tv.co.uk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14556\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/by-tv.co.uk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14556"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/by-tv.co.uk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14556"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/by-tv.co.uk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14556"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}