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<\/a><\/div>\nH\u00fck\u00fcmet BBC’nin Newsbeat program\u0131na, yasa tasar\u0131s\u0131yla ilgili olarak “yarat\u0131lan korku atmosferinin” tamam\u0131yla yanl\u0131\u015f fikirlere dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ger\u00e7eklerle uyu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
VATANDA\u015eLIK NASIL KAYBED\u0130L\u0130YOR<\/p>\n
Vatanda\u015fl\u0131k her \u015feyden \u00f6nce bir \u00fclkede ya\u015fama hakk\u0131na sahip olmak demek. Vatanda\u015f olmayan ki\u015filer oy kullanam\u0131yor ve i\u015f bulmakta, e\u011fitim ve sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerine eri\u015fimde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekiyorlar.<\/p>\n
Fakat vatanda\u015fl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karma yeni bir kavram de\u011fil. \u0130ngiltere h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri asl\u0131nda y\u00fcz y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcredir vatanda\u015fl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karma yetkisine sahip ve bu her bir ki\u015fi i\u00e7in i\u00e7i\u015fleri bakanlar\u0131n\u0131n bizzat verece\u011fi karara ba\u011fl\u0131.<\/p>\n
FARKLI MUAMELE<\/p>\n
Uluslararas\u0131 hukuka g\u00f6re, \u00f6zellikle de 1948 tarihli \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Evrensel Bildirgesi’ne g\u00f6re, herkesin bir \u00fclkenin vatanda\u015f\u0131 olma hakk\u0131 var ve bu nedenle hi\u00e7 kimse keyfi bir \u015fekilde devletsiz b\u0131rak\u0131lamaz.<\/p>\n
Fakat \u0130ngiltere h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, bir ki\u015fi e\u011fer ba\u015fka bir \u00fclkenin daha vatanda\u015f\u0131 ise yani \u00e7ifte vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsa, ya da ba\u015fka bir \u00fclkenin, \u00f6rne\u011fin anne ve babas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclkesinin vatanda\u015f\u0131 olma hakk\u0131na sahipse, o zaman bu ki\u015finin Britanya vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Ulusal g\u00fcvenlik d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda uyar\u0131s\u0131z olarak vatanda\u015fl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmay\u0131 gerektiren ba\u015fka durumlar aras\u0131nda ba\u015fka \u00fclkelerle ili\u015fkilerin devam\u0131 ve “kamu yarar\u0131” gibi daha mu\u011flak gerek\u00e7eler de belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n
YASA TASARISINI ELE\u015eT\u0130RENLER NE D\u0130YOR?<\/p>\n
Yasan\u0131n eskisinden farkl\u0131 olan b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc h\u00fck\u00fcmeti vatanda\u015fl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karmaya karar verdi\u011fi ki\u015fiyi bilgilendirme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden kurtar\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Fakat \u00fclkedeki az\u0131nl\u0131k toplumlar\u0131 yasa kabul edilirse “ikinci s\u0131n\u0131f vatanda\u015f” haline gelebileceklerini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar.<\/p>\n
Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc dile getiren ve Aral\u0131k ve Ocak aylar\u0131nda Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k \u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00f6steriler yapanlar aras\u0131nda Britanya M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar Birli\u011fi, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k Sih Konseyi ve Wisdrush Hayatlar\u0131 (Karayip Adalar\u0131’ndan g\u00f6\u00e7enler) dahil 20’den fazla az\u0131nl\u0131k toplumu \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi var.<\/p>\n
\u015eamima Beg\u00fcm’e yap\u0131lan\u0131n, yani vatanda\u015fl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karman\u0131n, ba\u015fka bir \u00fclkenin vatanda\u015f\u0131 olmas\u0131 ihtimali bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in beyaz bir Britanya vatanda\u015f\u0131na uygulanamayaca\u011f\u0131na ve bu nedenle vatanda\u015flar\u0131n yasa kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ikiye ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiyorlar.<\/p>\n
Aral\u0131k ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lan g\u00f6sterilerden birinde soyad\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istemyeen Fatima adl\u0131 g\u00f6sterici \u00f6nlemlerin \u00e7ok ileri gitti\u011fini, kendisi gibi beyaz olmayan Britanyal\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir “korku ortam\u0131” yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Fatima “Ben vergilerimi veriyorum, bu \u00fclkeyi seviyorum. Ama bu h\u00fck\u00fcmet bana buraya ait olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hissettiriyor, beni kimli\u011fimi sorgulamaya zorluyor” diyor.<\/p>\n
Fatima ayr\u0131ca yasada kullan\u0131lan “kamu yarar\u0131” gibi kavramlar\u0131n da mu\u011flak oldu\u011funu, istenirse \u00f6rne\u011fin h\u00fck\u00fcmete kar\u015f\u0131 ya da \u00e7evre konular\u0131nda g\u00f6steri yapman\u0131n bile bu kapsama sokulabilece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
“Yasalar\u0131n ne yap\u0131l\u0131rsa ihlal edilmi\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmet belirlemi\u015f oluyor, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu kapsama ne isterlerse katarak geni\u015fletebilirler” diyor.<\/p>\n
Avukat Samir Pasha, g\u00f6\u00e7men hukuku uzman\u0131. Yeni yasan\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmetin yetkilerini geni\u015fletti\u011fini ve h\u00fck\u00fcmete istedi\u011fi gibi hareket edebilece\u011fi bir gri alan yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor ve “Kamu yarar\u0131 \u00e7ok genel bir kavram ve h\u00fck\u00fcmete birini vatanda\u015fl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u015fine geldi\u011fi zaman i\u00e7ini istedi\u011fi gibi doldurma imkan\u0131 veriyor” diyor. \u00d6\u011frenci Leo Power da Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k \u00f6n\u00fcndeki g\u00f6sterilere kat\u0131lanlardan. O da \u00f6nerilen yeni d\u00fczenlemenin, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin hata yapmas\u0131 halinde itiraz\u0131 \u00e7ok daha zorla\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n
“H\u00fck\u00fcmet, yasalara ba\u011fl\u0131 vatanda\u015flar\u0131 vatanda\u015fl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Ama Windrush olay\u0131 nas\u0131l oldu? Bu insanlar bir su\u00e7 i\u015flemi\u015fler miydi? Yasalara ayk\u0131r\u0131 davranm\u0131\u015flar m\u0131yd\u0131?” diye soruyor.<\/p>\n
Windrush skandal\u0131, ad\u0131n\u0131 1950’li y\u0131llarda Karayiplerden i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc ihtiyac\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda Britanya’ya g\u00f6\u00e7enleri ta\u015f\u0131yan gemiden al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\u00c7o\u011fu Karayip adalar\u0131ndan gelen ve onlarca y\u0131ld\u0131r Britanya’da ya\u015fayan ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7ok say\u0131da ki\u015finin, son y\u0131llarda yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7men olduklar\u0131 s\u00f6ylenerek s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edildikleri ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, skandal\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca h\u00fck\u00fcmet \u00f6z\u00fcr dilemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Bu olayda zarar g\u00f6renlerden bir k\u0131sm\u0131 hala h\u00fck\u00fcmetin tazminat \u00f6demesini bekliyor.<\/p>\n
\u00d6\u011frenci Leo da yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya Dominikli oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. “Buradaki teyzelerimin baz\u0131lar\u0131 orada do\u011fmu\u015f ve Windrush korkusuyla ya\u015f\u0131yorlar.”<\/p>\n
H\u00dcK\u00dcMET NE D\u0130YOR?<\/p>\n
\u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7ten sorumlu bakan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Tom Pursglove \u00f6nerilenin ki\u015fi d\u00fczeyinde bundan etkilenecek ki\u015filerin kapsam\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmeyen “ihtiya\u00e7la orant\u0131l\u0131 ve makul” bir d\u00fczenleme oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
“Burada her y\u0131l \u00e7ok, \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck say\u0131da \u00e7ok zararl\u0131, bu \u00fclkenin insanlar\u0131na zarar vermek isteyen bireyler s\u00f6z konusu” dedi.<\/p>\n
Bakan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Pursglove BBC’nin, d\u00fczenlemede kullan\u0131lan “kamu yarar\u0131” gerek\u00e7esinin ne anlama geldi\u011fi yolundaki sorusunu yan\u0131tlamad\u0131 ama yasan\u0131n \u00fclke halk\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in do\u011fru y\u00f6nde bir yakla\u015f\u0131m oldu\u011funu tekrarlad\u0131.<\/p>\n
BBC, bakan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131na Windrush olay\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kayg\u0131lar\u0131 da sordu.<\/p>\n
Pursglove bu soruyu “Windrush ile paralellik kurulabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorum. Ama ana nokta \u015fu ki insanlar itiraz edebilir ve normal yollardan karar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyi deneyebilir” diye yan\u0131tlad\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u015e\u0130MD\u0130 NE OLACAK?<\/p>\n
Yasa tasar\u0131s\u0131 \u0130ngiltere Parlamentosu’nun Avam Kamaras\u0131’ndan Aral\u0131k ay\u0131nda onay ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u015eimdi Lordlar Kamaras\u0131’n\u0131n g\u00fcndeminde. Buradaki tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 takiben 27 Ocak tarihinde karma komisyona gidecek ve orada milletvekilleri de\u011fi\u015fiklikler \u00f6nerebilecek.<\/p>\n
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